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The concept of 'retrieval' in organ transplantation specifically refers to the surgical procedure for organ recovery. During this process, vital organs are carefully removed from a deceased donor or, in some cases, from living donors for the purpose of transplantation into recipients.

The surgical procedure is critical because it must be performed swiftly and efficiently to preserve the viability of the organ for subsequent transplantation. Timing, technique, and adherence to protocols are essential during retrieval to minimize potential damage to the organ and ensure the highest chances of successful transplant outcomes for the recipient.

Each of the other options involves important aspects of the transplantation process, but they do not accurately define 'retrieval.' For instance, assessing organ viability pertains to determining whether an organ is suitable for transplantation, while the matching process between donor and recipient focuses on immunological compatibility and other factors. Psychological evaluation involves assessing the mental health and readiness of transplant candidates, which is also essential but is unrelated to the physical act of organ retrieval.